![]() Ribosomes - structures that make proteins.Pili - hair-like structures that help bacteria attach to surfaces and other bacteria.The numbered parts are: (1) pilus, (2) plasmid, (3) ribosome, (4) cytoplasm, (5) cytoplasmic membrane, (6) cell wall, (7) capsule, (8) nucleoid, and (9) flagellum (Source: LadyofHats via Wikimedia Commons). That is very tiny! It’s much smaller than the human red blood cell, which is (on average) about 7 μm in diameter. 1 μm, or micrometre, is 1 000 times smaller than a millimetre. Most of them are only about 1 to 2 μm in diameter. Bacterial cells can measure from about 1 to 10 μm long. This is very different from humans, whose bodies are made up of trillions of cells.īacterial cells are much smaller than human cells. This means that each bacterium is made up of only one cell. There are more bacteria living in your mouth than there are people who have ever lived on Earth! Size of Bacteriaīacteria are single-celled organisms. They can live inside the human body, at the North Pole, and even at the bottom of the ocean! They have also adapted to a range of different environments. These fossils date back to over 3.5 billion years ago!īacteria have evolved into a wide variety of different types since then. ![]() That’s a group of organisms that bacteria are part of. In fact, they are the oldest known forms of life on Earth! The earliest fossils are of prokaryotes. Open Professional Learning × Close Professional Learningīacteria have been around for a very long time. DiplococciĮxamples: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, etc.Open Educational Resources × Close Educational Resources These group characteristics are often used to help identify certain cocci. Cocci may remain attached after cell division. Cocci may be oval, elongated, or flattened on one side. A special group of spirilla known as spirochetes are long, slender, and flexible.Ĭocci bacteria can exist singly, in pairs (as diplococci ), in groups of four (as tetrads ), in chains (as streptococci ), in clusters (as stapylococci ), or in cubes consisting of eight cells (as sarcinae). Many spirilla are rigid and capable of movement.
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